British Journal of Nutrition is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes original papers and review articles across the full spectrum of nutritional science. The focus of all manuscripts submitted to the journal should be to increase knowledge in nutritional science relevant to human or animal nutrition. The BJN welcomes manuscripts that report studies in nutritional epidemiology, nutritional requirements, metabolic studies, body composition, energetics, appetite and obesity. Manuscripts that address interactions of nutrition with endocrinology, genetics, immunology, microbiology, molecular and cell biology, neuroscience and physiology and that report outcomes relevant to health, behaviour and well-being are also within scope for the BJN.

>> Molecular Nutrition
a. The probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001 influences the architecture and gene expression of small intestine tissue in a piglet model
Carlos A. Montoya, Wayne Young, Leigh Ryan, Kelly Dunstan, Jason Peters, Hilary Dewhurst, James Dekker, Neill Haggarty, Ryan N. Dilger, Nicole C. Roy

b. Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium co-fermented feed alters antioxidant capacity, muscle fibre characteristics and lipid profiles of finishing pigs
Shiqi Liu, Man Du, Jiabao Sun, Yuang Tu, Xin Gu, Peiran Cai, Zeqing Lu, Yizhen Wang, Tizhong Shan

>> Metabolism and Metabolic Studies
a. Dietary inclusion of Clostridium butyricum cultures alleviated impacts of high-carbohydrate diets in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
Jiajie Tao, Ye Gong, Shiwen Chen, Wenfei Li, Ruitao Xie, Haitao Zhang, Naisong Chen, Xuxiong Huang, Songlin Li

b. Effect of fatty acid-enriched black soldier fly larvae meal combined with chitinase on the metabolic processes of Nile tilapia
Pamphile S. Agbohessou, Robert Mandiki, Wouter Mes, Aude Blanquer, Mazarine Gérardy, Mutien-Marie Garigliany, Jérôme Lambert, Pierre Cambier, Nicole Tokpon, Philippe A. Lalèyè, Patrick Kestemont

>> Nutritional Endocrinology
Preventive effects of caffeine on nicotine plus high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and gain weight: a possible explanation for why obese smokers with high coffee consumption tend to be leaner
Naiyan Lu, Xue Mei, Xu Li, Xue Tang, Guofeng Yang, Wen Xiang

>> Nutritional Immunology
Pyrroloquinoline quinone supplementation attenuates inflammatory liver injury by STAT3/TGF-β1 pathway in weaned piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharide
Caiyun Huang, Xuanci Yu, Chenyu Shi, Mengshi Wang, Ang Li, Fenglai Wang

>> Human and Clinical Nutrition
Adolescent athletes have better general than sports nutrition knowledge and lack awareness of supplement recommendations: a systematic literature review
Susan C. Hulland, Gina L. Trakman, Rebekah D. Alcock

>> Research Article
a. Reevaluation of the protein requirement in Chinese elderly adults without sarcopenia with the indicator amino acid oxidation technique
Wenxuan Wu, Yanhong Zhang, Hui Ma, Jiaxi Lu, Fengge Chen, Haisong Zhou, Shuhui Nie, Yunqi Yang, Rui Wang, Weixiao Yue, Min Li, Lichen Yang

b. Smartphone survey data reveal the timecourse of changes in mood outcomes following vitamin C or kiwifruit intervention in adults with low vitamin C
Benjamin D. Fletcher, Jillian J. Haszard, Margreet C. M. Vissers, Tamlin S. Conner

c. Total and segmental phase angle in a cohort of hospitalised patients with COVID-19: mortality prediction and changes throughout hospitalisation
Fernando Estrada-Moya, Alejandro G. González-Garay, Adriana Flores-López, Aurora E. Serralde-Zúñiga

d. Breast-feeding as protective factor against bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants
Jose Uberos, Isabel Sanchez-Ruiz, Elizabeth Fernández-Marin, Aida Ruiz-López, Isabel Cubero-Millan, Ana Campos-Martínez

e. Association between sleep duration and quality with food intake, chrononutrition patterns, and weight gain during pregnancy
Noara Carvalho Silveira, Laura Cristina Tibiletti Balieiro, Cristiana Araújo Gontijo, Gabriela Pereira Teixeira, Walid Makin Fahmy, Yara Cristina de Paiva Maia, Cibele Aparecida Crispim

f. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with food addiction in Brazilian women living in poverty
Luiz Gonzaga Ribeiro Silva-Neto, André Eduardo da Silva Júnior, Nassib Bezerra Bueno, Telma Maria de Menezes Toledo Florêncio

g. Inverse association between maternal serum concentrations of trace elements and risk of spontaneous preterm birth: a nested case–control study in China
Nana Li, Ping Yu, Zhen Liu, Jing Tao, Lu Li, Meixian Wang, Hongwei Wei, Yibing Zhu, Ying Deng, Hong Kang, Yuting Li, Xiaohong Li, Juan Liang, Yanping Wang, Jun Zhu

h. Preoperative dietitian-led Very Low Calorie Diet (VLCD) Clinic for adults living with obesity undergoing gynaecology, laparoscopic cholecystectomy and hernia repair procedures: a pilot parallel randomised controlled trial
Sally B. Griffin, Michelle A. Palmer, Esben Strodl, Rainbow Lai, Teong L. Chuah, Matthew J. Burstow, Lynda J. Ross

>> Dietary Surveys and Nutritional Epidemiology
a. It is time: free meals at schools for all
Daniel Henrique Bandoni, Isabela Cicaroni Ottoni, Ana Laura Benevenuto Amorim, Daniela Silva Canella

b. Association between dietary antioxidants intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a prospective cohort study: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study
Melika Golmohamadi, Somayeh Hosseinpour-Niazi, Parto Hadaegh, Parvin Mirmiran, Fereidoun Azizi, Farzad Hadaegh

c. Ultra-processed foods consumption among a USA representative sample of middle-older adults: a cross-sectional analysis
Abeer Ali Aljahdali, Sinara Laurini Rossato, Ana Baylin