EBOOK KEPERAWATAN
Manual of neonatal respiratory care. Edition 4
Recognition of the importance of neonatal respiratory management was an
early milestone in the history of neonatology. The role of surfactant deficiency in the etiology of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome was sealed
over 50 years ago, and this paved the way for the introduction of assisted
ventilation for this population in the 1960s. I was privileged to be introduced
to neonatal pediatrics in the early 1970s at a time when the advent of continuous positive airway pressure demonstrated how physiologic insight can be
translated into effective therapy. The decade of the 1970s offered so many
other innovations in neonatal respiratory care. These included noninvasive
blood gas monitoring, xanthine therapy for apnea, and our first real understanding of the pathogenesis and management of meconium aspiration syndrome, group B streptococcal pneumonia, and persistent fetal circulation or
primary pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, three frequently interrelated conditions. The decade ended in remarkable fashion with the introduction of exogenous surfactant therapy and recognition that the novel new
technique of high-frequency ventilation allows effective gas exchange in sick
neonates. However, many key questions in neonatal respiratory care still need
to be addressed
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